A note on the use of zero potential vorticity models     

Nathan Paldor  Alexander Khait 《地球物理与天体物理流体动力学》2013,107(1-4):27-34

Abstract

The acceptability of zero potential vorticity models as approximations for natural systems of small, but finite, potential vorticity is studied for bounded frontal flows of arbitrary profile. It is demonstrated that all (infinitely) long-wave solutions of the zero potential vorticity front are asymptotic limits for some (not necessarily long-wave) solutions of the small potential vorticity front. In contrast, for downstream-varying solutions there is no simple way of demonstrating this property. These findings suggest that the use of zero potential vorticity models should be carefully examined in other, non-frontal, problems as well. Finally we show that the longwave solutions of the zero potential vorticity flow are at most neutral (quasi-stable).  相似文献   

On the growth of disturbances to forced and dissipated barotropic flows     

Jieping Zou  John Fyfe 《地球物理与天体物理流体动力学》2013,107(1-4):41-56

Abstract

We consider the growth of disturbances to large-scale zonally-asymmetric steady states in a truncated spectral model for forced and dissipated barotropic flow. A variant of the energy method is developed to optimize the instantaneous disturbance energy growth rate. The method involves solving a matrix eigenvalue problem amenable to standard numerical techniques. Two applications are discussed. (1) The global stability of a family of steady states is assessed in terms of the Ekman damping coefficient r. It is shown that monotonic global stability (i.e., every disturbances energy monotonically decays to zero) prevails when r≥r_c . (2) Initially fastest-growing disturbances are constructed in the r<r_c regime. Particular attention is paid to a subregion of the r<r_c regime where initially-growing disturbances exist despite stability with respect to normal modes. Nonlinear time-dependent simulations are performed in order to appraise the time evolution of various disturbances.  相似文献   

On the applicability of temporal stability analysis to raingauge network design     

Renato Morbidelli  Carla Saltalippi  Alessia Flammini  Marco Cifrodelli  Jacopo Dari  Corrado Corradini 《水文科学杂志》2013,58(12):1424-1438

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近45年全球海域波浪能资源研究及等级区划     

郑崇伟 《亚热带资源与环境学报》2013,(1):18-24

基于来自ECMWF的资料将1957年09月---2002年08月风浪、涌浪分离的ERA-40 wave reanalysis,对全球海域的波浪能资源进行重新审视．充分依据涌浪具有能量大、稳定性好等优点,利于波浪能的采集与转换,从提高波浪能资源有效利用率的角度出发,综合考虑能流密度的大小、能级频率、能流密度的稳定性和长期变化趋势等,对全球海域的波浪能资源进行系统性研究,并构建一套波浪能资源评估系统,对全球海域的波浪能资源进行功能区划,为海浪发电、海水淡化等波浪能资源开发工作提供科学依据．  相似文献   

Revision of thickness design of cylindrical frozen walls considering frost heave     

XiaoMin Zhou  AnBao Wang  HuaDong Guan 《寒旱区科学》2013,5(5):0591-0595

This paper outlines development of the thickness design of cylindrical frozen walls in artificial ground freezing (AFG). A plain strain mechanical model coupled with infinite surrounding soil and rock ...  相似文献   

Kinematic dynamo action in a sphere: Effects of periodic time-dependent flows on solutions with axial dipole symmetry     

Ashley P. Willis  David Gubbins 《地球物理与天体物理流体动力学》2013,107(6):537-554

Choosing a simple class of flows, with characteristics that may be present in the Earth's core, we study the ability to generate a magnetic field when the flow is permitted to oscillate periodically in time. The flow characteristics are parameterised by D, representing a differential rotation, M, a meridional circulation, and C, a component characterising convective rolls. The dynamo action of all solutions with fixed parameters (steady flows) is known from earlier studies. Dynamo action is sensitive to these flow parameters and fails spectacularly for much of the parameter space where magnetic flux is concentrated into small regions, leading to high diffusion. In addition, steady flows generate only steady or regularly reversing oscillatory fields and cannot therefore reproduce irregular geomagnetic-type reversal behaviour. Oscillations of the flow are introduced by varying the flow parameters in time, defining a closed orbit in the space ( D,?M ). When the frequency of the oscillation is small, the net growth rate of the magnetic field over one period approaches the average of the growth rates for steady flows along the orbit. At increased frequency time-dependence appears to smooth out flux concentrations, often enhancing dynamo action. Dynamo action can be impaired, however, when flux concentrations of opposite signs occur close together as smoothing destroys the flux by cancellation. It is possible to produce geomagnetic-type reversals by making the orbit stray into a region where the steady flows generate oscillatory fields. In this case, however, dynamo action was not found to be enhanced by the time-dependence. A novel approach is being taken to solve the time-dependent eigenvalue problem where, by combining Floquet theory with a matrix-free Krylov-subspace method, we can avoid large memory requirements for storing the matrix required by the standard approach.  相似文献   

不同掏蚀深度下古城墙的稳定性数值分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张明泉  马可婧  刘灿  王旭东  薛丽洋  张琳 《地震工程学报》2013,35(1):133-138

以浙江良渚古城的宽顶古场面墙稳定性问题为研究对象,本文针对古城墙可能出现的不同深度的风沙掏蚀的实际工况,通过有限差分软件FLAC3D,建立计算模型进行了稳定性分析,探讨了不同掏蚀深度下城墙破坏机理和规律.研究表明:当城墙墙根掏蚀深度不是很大时,城墙整体稳定,土体开始出现比较小的位移量,掏蚀部位及其周围出现局部塑性破坏现象.随着掏蚀深度的增加,城墙塑性破坏区域不断向城墙体内部、顶部及顶部后缘范围发展,城墙上的土体位移量随着掏蚀深度的增加而呈数量级的增加,直至城墙出现整体崩塌破坏.掏蚀作用加剧了地震作用下城墙体的破坏,在掏蚀部位形成潜在破坏口,内部形成塑性贯通区,造成墙体整体崩塌.  相似文献   

HPFL加固空斗墙抗震性能试验研究及有限元分析     

尚守平  雷敏 《地震工程与工程振动》2013,33(4)

通过9片HPFL(High Performance Ferrocement Laminate)条带加固空斗墙与5片未加固的对比墙体,在低周反复荷载下试验,研究采用不同的HPFL条带加固方式对不同砌筑方式、不同强度砌筑砂浆的空斗墙在不同竖向压应力下的抗震承载力和破坏形式的影响.采用有限元计算软件AN-SYS建立HPFL条带加固空斗墙的有限元模型,分析加固条带宽度、加固面层砂浆强度、加固层钢筋网格尺寸、砌筑砂浆强度、墙体高宽比和竖向压应力等因素对加固效果的影响.研究表明:HPFL条带加固法是一种提高空斗墙抗震性能的有效方法;加固条带宽度对HPFL条带加固性能的影响最大;加固面层砂浆强度的提高,墙体的抗震承载力随之提高;加固层钢筋网格尺寸加密,对墙体承载力提高较小;不同砂浆强度砌筑的墙体,HPFL条带加固效果的发挥情况有所不同;HPFL条带圈梁构造柱式加固方式对各种高宽比和各种竖向压应力下的空斗墙都是有效的.  相似文献   

某铁路工程控制网复测与稳定性分析     

梁文旭  李建  周宏达 《测绘与空间地理信息》2013,(9)

工程控制网是一切施工测量的基准,其稳定性直接关系到施工测量和工程的整体质量。因此,必须对控制网进周期性复测,以便分析控制网的稳定性。文章利用误差理论方法对复测成果进行了分析,得出了一些有益的结论和建议。  相似文献   

钻井液侵入海洋含水合物地层的一维数值模拟研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

宁伏龙  张可霓  吴能友  蒋国盛  张凌  刘力  余义兵 《地球物理学报》2013,56(1):204-218

本文以墨西哥湾水合物区域为背景,利用数值模拟方法研究了过平衡钻井条件下,当钻井液温度高于地层中水合物稳定温度时,水基钻井液侵入海洋含水合物地层的动态过程及其一般性规律.与侵入常规油气地层相比,耦合水合物分解和再形成是钻井液侵入海洋含水合物地层的主要特征.模拟结果表明,钻井液密度、温度和盐度都对侵入过程有影响.在一定条件下,钻井液密度越大,温度和含盐量越高,则钻井液侵入程度越深,热量传递越远,水合物分解程度越大.分解的水气在合适条件下又会重新形成水合物,影响了钻井液进一步侵入.而重新形成的水合物的饱和度甚至可能高于原位水合物饱和度,在井周形成一个"高饱水合物"环带.这一现象归因于钻井液侵入的驱替推挤、水合物分解的吸热以及地层传热的滞后等因素共同作用.在地层物性一定的条件下,高饱水合物环带的出现与否主要受钻井液温度和盐度控制.水合物分解以及高饱水合物环带的出现对井壁稳定和电阻率测井解释有很大影响.因此,为维护井壁稳定、确保测井准确和减少水合物储层伤害,就必须对钻井液密度、温度和滤失量进行严格控制,防止地层中的水合物大量分解.最好采用控制压力钻井(MPD)和深侧向测井方式,同时尽量选用低矿化度的含水合物动力学抑制剂的钻井液体系,采取低温快速循环方式.  相似文献